Fluid bed dryers, also known as fluidized bed dryers, are industrial equipment used to efficiently dry particulate materials. In these systems, a bed of solid particles is made to behave like a fluid by passing a gas, usually air, through it at high velocity. This process creates a fluidized state, allowing for uniform drying and efficient heat and mass transfer. Continuous fluid bed dryers are designed for ongoing, non-stop operation, making them ideal for large-scale production. In these systems, material is continuously fed into the dryer, where it is fluidized and dried, and then continuously discharged. This setup ensures a steady flow of material, optimizing throughput and energy efficiency. The advantages of continuous fluid bed dryers include uniform drying, reduced drying times, and the ability to handle a wide range of materials, from powders to granules. They are commonly used in industries such as pharmaceuticals, food processing, and chemicals. However, they also have limitations. The initial cost and complexity of the equipment can be high, and they may not be suitable for materials that are sticky or have a wide particle size distribution. Additionally, precise control of operating conditions is necessary to prevent issues like agglomeration or uneven drying.